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51. When the tribunes revived the old charges of luxury in his winter-quarters at Syracuse1 and the disturbances caused by Pleminius at Locri,2 to make their present charges more credible, on the basis of suspicions rather than of evidence they charged him with having accepted bribes:3 [2] that his captured son had been restored without a ransom and that in all other respects Antiochus had paid court to Scipio as if in his hands alone lay peace and war with Rome; [3] he had been, they alleged, a dictator, not a lieutenant, in relation to the consul in the province; he had gone there for no other reason than that which Spain, Gaul, Sicily and Africa had long since come to believe should be manifest to Greece and Asia and all the kings and tribes that lie towards the east, namely, that [4??] one man was the source and stay of [p. 179]Roman power, that under the shadow of Scipio the4 City which was the mistress of the world lay sheltered, that his nod was weighty as decrees of the senate and enactments of the assembly. [5] A man untouched by ill repute they loaded with innuendo in every possible way. The speeches having continued until nightfall, the matter was adjourned. [6] When the appointed day came, the tribunes took their seats on the Rostra at dawn; the defendant when summoned came with a great throng of friends and clients through the midst of the meeting to the Rostra, and, when silence ensued, he spoke as follows: [7] “On this day,5 tribunes of the people, and you, citizens, I fought well and successfully in pitched battle with Hannibal and the Carthaginians in Africa. [8] Therefore, since it is meet on this day to refrain from trials and quarrels, I shall proceed at once from here to the Capitoline to offer homage to Jupiter Optimus Maximus and Juno and Minerva and the other gods who preside over the Capitoline and the [9??] citadel, and I shall give thanks to them because both on this same day and on many other occasions they have given me the purpose and the capacity to render conspicuous service to the state. [10] Let all of you too, citizens, for whom it is convenient, come with me and pray to the gods that you may have leaders like me, but on this condition that, if from my [11??] seventeenth year to my old age you have always gone ahead of my years in bestowing honours upon me,6 I have anticipated your honours by my deeds.”7 [12] From the Rostra he went up to the Capitoline. At the same time the whole meeting withdrew and followed Scipio, so that finally even the clerks and messengers left the tribunes, nor did anyone remain with them [p. 181]except their retinue of slaves and the herald who8 from the Rostra summoned the defendant. [13] Scipio visited all the temples of the gods, not only on the Capitoline but through the whole City, with the Roman people in attendance upon him. [14] This day was rendered almost more famous by the general applause of men and by the true estimate of his greatness than that on which he rode into the City in triumph over King Syphax and the Carthaginians.9

1 1 Cf. XXIX. xix. 12, etc.

2 Cf. XXIX. viii. 6 ff., etc.

3 The actual charges against Scipio, as well as the specifications which supported them, are variously stated by the sources. Polybius, who should have known, is nowhere explicit as to the trial. In their most serious form, as reported, e.g., by Gellius (IV. xviii. 7), the major charge could easily have been treason. One admits that some of Scipio's messages to Antiochus (e.g. XXXVII. xxxvii. 8) may easily be interpreted as lending aid and comfort to the enemy, when removed from their contexts. Yet the statements of Livy and the conduct of the trial indicate that the charges were less grave.

4 B.C. 187

5 That is, this was the anniversary of Zama and should be a day of thanksgiving and rejoicing.

6 Scipio's youth had not prevented his election to offices for which he was technically ineligible, but he reminds the people that he had, before these elections, demonstrated his capacity.

7 The, various literary versions of this speech differ a good deal in form but not in their essential character. The same is true of other incidents of the trial.

8 B.C. 187

9 Cf. XXX. xlv. 2-7.

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load focus Notes (W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1911)
load focus Notes (W. Weissenborn, 1873)
load focus Summary (English, Evan T. Sage, Ph.D., 1936)
load focus Summary (Latin, W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1911)
load focus Summary (Latin, Evan T. Sage, Ph.D., 1936)
load focus Latin (Evan T. Sage, Ph.D., 1936)
load focus Latin (W. Weissenborn, 1873)
load focus English (William A. McDevitte, Sen. Class. Mod. Ex. Schol. A.B.T.C.D., 1850)
load focus English (Rev. Canon Roberts, 1912)
load focus Latin (W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1911)
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  • Commentary references to this page (9):
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 36.15
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 37.45
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 35-38, commentary, 37.58
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 39.17
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 39-40, commentary, 39.5
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 41-42, commentary, 42.49
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, books 43-44, commentary, 44.15
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, book 45, commentary, 45.22
    • Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn, book 45, commentary, 45.36
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  • Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page (8):
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